Guide to the Papers of Philip Friedman (1901-1960) 1914-1993 (bulk 1930-1960) RG 1258

Processed by Shloyme Krystal, 1989-1990, 1998. Additional processing by Rachel S. Harrison as part of the Leon Levy Archival Processing Initiative, made possible by the Leon Levy Foundation.

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
15 West 16th Street
New York, NY 10011
Email: archives@yivo.cjh.org
URL: http://www.yivo.org

Electronic finding aid was encoded in EAD 2002 by Rachel S. Harrison in June 2012. Description is in English.

Collection Overview

Title: Guide to the Papers of Philip Friedman (1901-1960) 1914-1993 (bulk 1930-1960) RG 1258

Predominant Dates:bulk 1930-1960

ID: RG 1258 FA

Extent: 25.25 Linear Feet

Arrangement:

Philip Friedman arranged his materials either by format, subject, country, or language and then usually alphabetically. This system was maintained as much as was possible. Many of the materials, including the professional correspondence, are arranged alphabetically, while the personal correspondence is arranged chronologically, as are the materials about the memorial gatherings for the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. Some of the correspondence is filed under the names of organizations, publications, institutions, and publishers, while other correspondence has been filed by the name of the person who signed the letters. Cross-references have been listed whenever possible. The languages of many of the articles follow the title and author in parentheses. Materials for which no language is given are mainly in English. Articles for which no author is given are often by Friedman.

Shloyme Krystal processed the original materials and created an English finding aid in 1989-1990. He then integrated the new materials and created a new finding aid in December 1998. Additional processing was completed in 2012. The collection is organized in ten series, some of which have been further subdivided into subseries.

Languages: Yiddish, Hebrew, Polish, English, German, French, Russian, Ukrainian, Italian, Dutch;Flemish, Spanish, Czech, Danish, Hungarian, Romanian, Swedish, Croatian

Abstract

This collection contains the personal and professional papers of historian and bibliographer Philip Friedman. These materials include correspondence with individuals and with organizations, newspaper clippings, subject files, manuscripts of works by Friedman and by others, and some of Friedman’s personal documents. These materials relate to Friedman’s work on the histories of various Jewish communities, particularly those in Poland, and his work gathering source documents about the Holocaust.

Scope and Contents of the Materials

The collection relates primarily to Friedman’s post-war research on the history of the Holocaust as well as to his administrative activities in various organizations. The bulk of the collection consists of second-hand sources collected by Friedman, as well as manuscripts by Friedman and others, bibliographical manuals and methodological guides prepared for use in the YIVO-Yad Vashem Joint Documentary Project, and correspondence with organizations and with individuals. Correspondents include Yiddish writers and prominent historians such as H.G. Adler, Ch. Agnoff, Hannah Arendt, E. Auerbach, Rachel Auerbach, Salo Baron, Shlomo Bickel, Ben Zion Dinur, Simon Dubnow, M. Dworzecki, Sz. Datner, Nathan Menachem Gelber, Rudolf Glanz, Jacob Glatstein, E. Glicenstein, Israel Halpern, Arthur Herzberg, Raul Hilberg, A.W. Jasny, Szmerke Kaczerginski, Joseph Kermish, Israel Klausner, M. Kosover, A. M. Klein, Leibush Lehrer, H. Leivick, Raphael Lemkin, Jacob Lestschinsky, Raphael Mahler, J. Mestel, Nahum Baruch Minkoff, L. Namier, Shmuel Niger, Joseph Opatoshu, Koppel Pinson, Leon Poliakov, Sarah Reisen, Gerald Reitlinger, A.A. Roback, L. Rochman, Eleanor Roosevelt, Philip Roth, Isaac Schwarzbart, Hillel Seidman, Genia Silkes, Anna Simaite, E. Sommerstein, Isaac Nachman Steinberg, J. Turkow, M. Turkow, Michael Weichert, and Mark Wischnitzer.

Materials on the Holocaust are primarily arranged geographically by ghetto or concentration camp. Included are over one hundred eyewitness accounts collected from Holocaust survivors by the Central Jewish Historical Commission in Poland, a list of survivors of Majdanek, copies and translations of orders of concentration camps commandants and clippings and pamphlets on Displaced Persons and reparations. There are also depositions relating to the trial of Michael Weichert and a Polish typescript of his book Jewish Self-Help 1939-1945 , materials on Nazi war criminals distributed by the Polish government in September 1954, biographical clippings on Nazi war criminals, copies of proceedings from the Nuremberg Trials, and questionnaires for survivors. Papers relating to Friedman’s organizational activities include clippings, offprints, pamphlets, copies of reports, announcements, short biographies of Jewish historians and Yiddish writers written by Friedman, records of the Historian’s Circle of the YIVO Institute, records of the YIVO-Yad Vashem Joint Documentary Project, and records of the Central Jewish Historical Commission in Poland. In addition, there are some of Friedman’s personal papers, a bibliography of his writings, some correspondence, and diaries and writings of Ada Friedman.

Historical Note

Biographical Note Polish Jewish historian Philip (Jeroham Fishel) Friedman was born in Lwow on April 27, 1901 to Eliezer and Sabina Friedman. He finished his studies at the Lwow gymnasium in 1919 and then studied history at the University of Vienna under the direction of Alfred Pribram, 1920-1925, and at the Jewish Teachers College (Pedagogium) in Vienna under Salo Baron, 1920-1922. He earned his teacher's diploma from the Jewish Teachers College in 1922 and his doctoral degree at the University of Vienna in 1925 with a dissertation entitled Die galizischen Juden im Kampfe um ihre Gleichberechtigung (1848–1868) (The Jews of Galicia in Their Struggle for Legal Equality [1848–1868]), which was published in Frankfurt in 1929. Friedman returned to Poland after receiving his doctorate, where he was briefly the director of the Tarbut school in Volkovysk (currently in Belarus) and taught Hebrew and history at the Jewish gymnasium in Konin, Poland. He also taught at the Jewish gymnasium in Łódź (1925-1939), as well as at the People’s University of that city, was a lecturer for doctoral candidates at YIVO in Vilna (1935-1936), and lectured at the Tahkemoni Rabbinical Seminary of Warsaw (1938–1939), and at the Institute of Judaic Studies, also in Warsaw. He continued his historical research, producing, most notably, his 1935 monograph Dzieje Żydów w Łodzi (The History of the Jews in Łódź), and a number of specialized studies on the Jews of Galicia and Lodz. In addition, he attempted to foster academic cooperation among Jewish historians. He participated in the International Congress of Historians, which was held in Warsaw in 1933, following which he endeavored to create a worldwide association of scholars of Jewish history. When World War II began, he was engaged in writing a comprehensive history of the Jews of Poland from the earliest beginnings through the twentieth century. Friedman survived the Holocaust by hiding in and around Lwow, but he lost his wife and a daughter. After the liberation in 1944, he went to Lublin, where he was appointed the first director of the Central Jewish Historical Commission, which he helped to found with the Central Committee of Jews in Poland, whose mission was to gather data on Nazi war crimes. In this capacity he not only collected testimonies and documentation but also supervised the publication of a number of pioneering studies, including his own on the concentration camp at Auschwitz. This work, To jest Oświęcim , was published in Warsaw in 1945 and appeared in an abridged English version as This Is Oswięcim in 1946. He also published several monographs on various destroyed Jewish communities, including Bialystok and Chelmno, and about Ukrainian-Jewish relations during the Nazi occupation. At the same time, he taught Jewish history at the Łódź University (1945-1946) and was a member of the Polish State Commission to Investigate German War Crimes in Auschwitz and Chelmno. After testifying and acting as a consultant at the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal in 1946, Friedman and his new wife, Dr. Ada Eber-Friedman, decided not to return to Poland. For two years he directed the educational and cultural department of the Joint Distribution Committee in the American Zone in Germany (1946-1948). He also helped the Centre du Documentation Juive Comtemporaire in Paris to set up its documentary collection. Friedman then moved to the United States in October 1948 at the invitation of his former professor Salo Baron, who was now teaching at Columbia University, where Friedman joined him. There he first held the post of research fellow and then, from 1951 until his death in 1960, that of lecturer in the graduate department of history. From 1949-1954, he was the dean of the Jewish Teacher’s Seminary and Folks University. He taught courses at the Herzliya Teachers Seminary in Israel and was a member of the Research Committee of the Board of Director’s of the YIVO Institute starting in 1952. Friedman’s subsequent research focused on the Holocaust. He produced two popular books, the first account of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising titled Martyrs and Fighters: The Epic of the Warsaw Ghetto (1954), the second a volume describing Christian rescuers during the war, Their Brothers’ Keepers (1957). A volume of his essays devoted to Holocaust topics, Pathways to Extinction: Essays on the Holocaust (1980), was edited posthumously by his wife. He was the Research Director of the YIVO-Yad Vashem Joint Documentary Project, a bibliographical series on the Holocaust from 1954-1960. This project consisted of publishing a full bibliography of all published works having a connection to the Holocaust. The first volume, which consisted of Hebrew sources, had been published by the time of Friedman’s death, and the English volume was ready to be printed. He also remained committed to his earlier scholarly interests, and published articles in Yiddish, Polish, Hebrew, French, and English, such as “Polish Jewish Historiography between the Two Wars” and “The First Millennium of Jewish Settlement in the Ukraine and in the Adjacent Areas.” Philip Friedman died in New York on February 7, 1960 after a lengthy illness. Polish Jewish historian Philip (Jeroham Fishel) Friedman was born in Lwow on April 27, 1901 to Eliezer and Sabina Friedman. He finished his studies at the Lwow gymnasium in 1919 and then studied history at the University of Vienna under the direction of Alfred Pribram, 1920-1925, and at the Jewish Teachers College (Pedagogium) in Vienna under Salo Baron, 1920-1922. He earned his teacher's diploma from the Jewish Teachers College in 1922 and his doctoral degree at the University of Vienna in 1925 with a dissertation entitled Die galizischen Juden im Kampfe um ihre Gleichberechtigung (1848–1868) (The Jews of Galicia in Their Struggle for Legal Equality [1848–1868]), which was published in Frankfurt in 1929.

Friedman returned to Poland after receiving his doctorate, where he was briefly the director of the Tarbut school in Volkovysk (currently in Belarus) and taught Hebrew and history at the Jewish gymnasium in Konin, Poland. He also taught at the Jewish gymnasium in Łódź (1925-1939), as well as at the People’s University of that city, was a lecturer for doctoral candidates at YIVO in Vilna (1935-1936), and lectured at the Tahkemoni Rabbinical Seminary of Warsaw (1938–1939), and at the Institute of Judaic Studies, also in Warsaw. He continued his historical research, producing, most notably, his 1935 monograph Dzieje Żydów w Łodzi (The History of the Jews in Łódź), and a number of specialized studies on the Jews of Galicia and Lodz. In addition, he attempted to foster academic cooperation among Jewish historians. He participated in the International Congress of Historians, which was held in Warsaw in 1933, following which he endeavored to create a worldwide association of scholars of Jewish history. When World War II began, he was engaged in writing a comprehensive history of the Jews of Poland from the earliest beginnings through the twentieth century.

Friedman survived the Holocaust by hiding in and around Lwow, but he lost his wife and a daughter. After the liberation in 1944, he went to Lublin, where he was appointed the first director of the Central Jewish Historical Commission, which he helped to found with the Central Committee of Jews in Poland, whose mission was to gather data on Nazi war crimes. In this capacity he not only collected testimonies and documentation but also supervised the publication of a number of pioneering studies, including his own on the concentration camp at Auschwitz. This work, To jest Oświęcim , was published in Warsaw in 1945 and appeared in an abridged English version as This Is Oswięcim in 1946. He also published several monographs on various destroyed Jewish communities, including Bialystok and Chelmno, and about Ukrainian-Jewish relations during the Nazi occupation. At the same time, he taught Jewish history at the Łódź University (1945-1946) and was a member of the Polish State Commission to Investigate German War Crimes in Auschwitz and Chelmno.

After testifying and acting as a consultant at the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal in 1946, Friedman and his new wife, Dr. Ada Eber-Friedman, decided not to return to Poland. For two years he directed the educational and cultural department of the Joint Distribution Committee in the American Zone in Germany (1946-1948). He also helped the Centre du Documentation Juive Comtemporaire in Paris to set up its documentary collection. Friedman then moved to the United States in October 1948 at the invitation of his former professor Salo Baron, who was now teaching at Columbia University, where Friedman joined him. There he first held the post of research fellow and then, from 1951 until his death in 1960, that of lecturer in the graduate department of history. From 1949-1954, he was the dean of the Jewish Teacher’s Seminary and Folks University. He taught courses at the Herzliya Teachers Seminary in Israel and was a member of the Research Committee of the Board of Director’s of the YIVO Institute starting in 1952.

Friedman’s subsequent research focused on the Holocaust. He produced two popular books, the first account of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising titled Martyrs and Fighters: The Epic of the Warsaw Ghetto (1954), the second a volume describing Christian rescuers during the war, Their Brothers’ Keepers (1957). A volume of his essays devoted to Holocaust topics, Pathways to Extinction: Essays on the Holocaust (1980), was edited posthumously by his wife. He was the Research Director of the YIVO-Yad Vashem Joint Documentary Project, a bibliographical series on the Holocaust from 1954-1960. This project consisted of publishing a full bibliography of all published works having a connection to the Holocaust. The first volume, which consisted of Hebrew sources, had been published by the time of Friedman’s death, and the English volume was ready to be printed. He also remained committed to his earlier scholarly interests, and published articles in Yiddish, Polish, Hebrew, French, and English, such as “Polish Jewish Historiography between the Two Wars” and “The First Millennium of Jewish Settlement in the Ukraine and in the Adjacent Areas.” Philip Friedman died in New York on February 7, 1960 after a lengthy illness.

Subject/Index Terms

Auschwitz (Concentration camp), Baron, Salo W. (Salo Wittmayer), 1895-1989, Central Jewish Historical Committee, Centre de documentation juive contemporaine, Clippings - Newspaper clippings, Columbia University, Concentration camps, Datner, Szymon, Documents - Administrative reports, Documents - Correspondence, Documents - Manuscripts, Documents - Minutes, Documents - Notes, Duker, Abraham G. (Abraham Gordon), 1907-, Europe, Friedman, Philip, 1901-1960, Germany, Gringauz, Samuel, Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) - Bibliography, Holocaust survivors, Israel, Jewish ghettos, Jewish refugees, Jews - History, Kermish, Joseph, Lestschinsky, Jacob, 1876-1966, London (England), Mark, Bernard, 1908-1966, Minkoff, N. B., 1893-1958, Occupation, 1939-1945, Paris (France), Poland, Rijksinstituut voor Oorlogsdocumentatie (Netherlands), Soviet Union, Ukraine, War criminals, War resistance movements, Weichert, Michael, 1890-1967, Wiener Library, World War, 1939-1945 - Atrocities, World War, 1939-1945 - Jews, Yad va-shem, rashut ha-zikaron la-Shoʼah vela-gevurah, YIVO Archives

Administrative Information

Access Restrictions: Permission to use the collection must be obtained from the YIVO Archivist.

Use Restrictions:

Permission to publish part or parts of the collection must be obtained from the YIVO Archives. For more information, contact:

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, Center for Jewish History, 15 West 16th Street, New York, NY 10011

email: archives@yivo.cjh.org

Acquisition Method: The materials were donated to the YIVO Archives by Philip Friedman’s widow, Ada Friedman, in June 1987. Additional materials were donated by Friedman’s niece, Sophia Balk, in February 1993.

Separated Materials: Philip Friedman’s library was also donated to YIVO and forms the Philip Friedman Collection at the YIVO Library.

Related Materials: The YIVO Library has many books by and about Friedman and a wealth of materials about the Jews of Poland, World War II, the Holocaust, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, concentration camps, survivor testimonies, displaced persons, bibliographies of books about the Holocaust, and many other topics found in the Friedman Papers. In addition, many of Friedman’s personal books about Jewish history and Holocaust materials were donated to the YIVO Library.

Preferred Citation: Published citations should take the following form:Identification of item, date (if known); Papers of Philip Friedman; RG 1258; folder number; YIVO Institute for Jewish Research.

Box and Folder Listing

Browse by Series:

Series 1: Series I: Correspondence, 1931, 1944-1982,
Series 2: Series II: Friedman’s Work, 1935-1982,
Series 3: Series III: Research Materials, 1914-1979,
Series 4: Series IV: Ghettos and Concentration Camps, 1939-1968,
Series 5: Series V: Resistance, 1940-1963, 1978-1985,
Series 6: Series VI: The Post-War Era, 1917, 1931-1962,
Series 7: Series VII: Varia (923-937), 1931-1968,
Series 8: Series VIII: Newspaper Clippings, 1942-1993,
Series 9: Series IX: Friedman’s Biographical Materials, 1936-1975, undated,
Series 10: Series X: Ada Friedman’s Writings, 1949-1978, undated,
All

Series IV: Ghettos and Concentration Camps 1939-1968

The articles and materials in this series concern ghettos and concentration camps in general as well as specific ghettos and camps arranged alphabetically by location. These materials include articles, eyewitness accounts, lists of survivors, copies and translations of orders of concentration camps commandants, and clippings and pamphlets on Displaced Persons and reparations. The dates for the translations of documents from Nuremberg Trials refer to the dates on the originals but the translations are usually undated.

Folders: 112

Subseries 1: Ghettos - General 1939-1955

These materials refer to the topic of Jewish ghettos as a whole, rather than to any specific ghetto. Articles are in English, Polish, Yiddish, German, French, and Hebrew.

Folders: 14

Folder 706: Articles on the ghetto and its problems 1948-1955: The Jewish Ghettos during the Nazi Period, by P. Friedman (Yiddish)
Provisional Plan of Jewish Ghettos (Yiddish)
The Ghetto as an Experiment of Jewish Social Organization, by Samuel Gringauz, 1949
In the Time of the Ghettos, by Dr. Dworzecki (Hebrew), 1952
Training Bureau for Jewish Communal Service, Historical Perspectives syllabus, 1948
Deposition of Hans A. Asbach, a German official of the general government in Poland under Nazis, his impressions on the ghettos in various places (German), 1955
articles (Hebrew, English), undated
Folder 707: The structure of the German administration undated: description
Folder 708: Copies of German official documents 1939-1945: about statistics, Ukraine, action against the Jews, other topics (German, English, Polish)
Folder 709: Anti-Jewish legislation and the Jewish badge 1940-1942, undated: (English, Polish, Yiddish, German)
Folder 710: Forced labor - Jewish affairs 1940-1943: Franz Blottler report on a trip to Warsaw (German), 1942
Jewish Forced Labor, Jewish Affairs, 1942
official documents, translations (English, Polish, German), 1940-1943
Folder 711: Jewish property and pauperization 1941-1943
Folder 712: The Illegals, Smugglers, Jewish Police 1949, undated: (English, Yiddish)
Folder 713: Medical problems - starvation and suicides 1946-1955: articles, statistics (Yiddish, English, French, Polish, Hebrew, German)
Folder 714: Sexual atrocities 1940, undated: (Polish)
Folder 715: Production of soap 1954: P. Friedman letter about soap (Yiddish), 1954
list of International Military Tribunal exhibits of soap (English)
Folder 716: Women and children 1946-1956: articles (English, Yiddish, Polish, Hebrew, French)
Folder 717: Resettlements and religious persecutions 1939-1949: articles and statistics (English, Polish, German)
Folder 718: Annihilations 1941-1955: articles (English, German, Hebrew)
maps
Folder 719: General statistics 1945-1951: (English, Polish, Yiddish, German)

Subseries 2: Jewish Ghettos by Location 1939-1968

These articles relate to Jewish history in various locations before, during and after the war. The materials are arranged geographically. Materials about Warsaw and the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising can be found in folders 758-773.

Folders: 58

Folder 720: Athens (Greece) undated
Folder 721: Baranowicze 1954: (Yiddish)
Folder 722: Belchatow 1940-1942: Jews in Belchatow (Polish), 1942
official German correspondence about a Jewish dentist, 1940
copies of official correspondence, 1940-1942
articles and excerpts from newspapers
statistics
Folder 723: Biala-Podlaska 1940-1943: German orders regarding resettling (German, Polish)
Folder 724: Bialystok 1945-1958: Bialystok (English)
Pages of Our Sadness (Yiddish), 1957
Megilat Bialystok (Hebrew), 1945
Ghetto Uprising, from the Diary of Mordecai Tenenbaum, 1958
Bialystok Jewish Historical Association, 8/49, 9/50
Bialystoker Stimme (The Voice of Bialystok), newspaper (Yiddish), 1947-1958
The Trial of the Executioner (Yiddish), 1949
clippings (Yiddish, English), 1953
bibliography (Yiddish)
Folder 725: Brest Litovsk undated: Liquidation of the Ghetto
Folder 726: Brody undated: bibliography
Folder 727: Chelm undated: galleys of a book (Yiddish)
Folder 728: Czestochowa 1940-1950: Council of the Elderly, Department of Administration, statistical data (Polish), 1940
articles (Yiddish, Polish, German), 1941-1950
statistical tables on the Jewish population in 1940-1941
bibliography
Folder 729: Drohobycz 1941: excerpts from Gazeta Zydowska (Polish), 8/41
Folder 730: Dvinsk (Latvia) 1947: clipping (Yiddish), 1947
Folder 731: Grodno undated: bibliography
Folder 732: Izbica 1954: correspondence of P. Friedman with Herman Rottgen, a lawyer in Essen, Germany, regarding the case of Mrs. Weil and her children during the Nazi occupation (German)
Folder 733: Kaunas (Kovno) Lithuania undated
Folder 734: Kielce 1941: excerpts from Gazeta Zydowska (Polish), 3/41-8/41
bibliography
Folder 735: Kolomyja undated: (English, Polish)
Folder 736: Krakow 1940-1944: various decrees of the Occupational Government regarding Jews, 1942
reprints of the Jewish community (Polish, German, English, Hebrew), 1940-1944
excerpts from Gazeta Zydowska (Polish), 1941
official German correspondence regarding the case of Dr. Karl Lasch, governor of the district of Galicia, 1942
Folder 737: Lodz (Litzmannstadt) 1940-1953: police orders regarding the population in Lodz, work, the ghetto (German, Polish), 1940-1942
announcement #356 regarding the killing of Dr. Ulrich Schulz (German, Yiddish), 1942
announcement #428 regarding smaller Jewish ghetto (German, Yiddish), 1944
The Family Hamburski from Lodz, by A. Ast (English), 1953
Folder 738: Lodz 1941-1951: The Ghetto in Litzmannstadt, by B. Herskovich, 1947
letter to Chaim Rumkowski (Polish), 1942
Ghetto Paper (Yiddish), 1941
Jewish Press Agency (Polish), 1/5/46-1/10/46
articles (Yiddish), 1942-1951
ghetto stationary and banknotes
map of Lodz
music for a song: Our President Chaim
letter from Central Committee of Jews in Poland, requesting permission for a meeting of Lodz Jews, 11/7/45 (Poland)
Folder 739: Lomza undated
Folder 740: Lublin 1940-1942: official German decrees (German, Polish translations), 1942
New Nazi Measures Against Jews (English), 1940
Report of the December Action in Lublin and District (Polish)
Report of the Lublin Kehile 8/41 (Polish)
Lublin Reservation
Folder 741: Lwow (Lemberg) 1941-1948: official German decrees (German, Polish and English translations), 1941-1943
The case of Dr. L. Jaffe (Yiddish), 1948
Folder 742: Lwow 1941-1957: The First Months of the German Occupation (French), 1941
Several Remembrances of Youth, the War of 1914-1918 (French)
The Annihilation of the Jews of Lwow, book review (Polish)
Information of the Extraordinary State Commission for Investigation and Determination of the Crimes of the German Fascist Perpetrators Within the Territory of the Lwow Province (Russian), 1945
articles (Polish, Yiddish, Russian), 1941-1957
The Righteous in the Lwow District (Yiddish)
maps
Folder 743: Miechow 1941: excerpts from Gazeta Zydowska (Polish), 1941
Folder 744: Otwock 1941: excerpts from Gazeta Zydowska, 1941
Folder 745: Pinsk undated
Folder 746: Piotrkow 1942, 1968: report (Polish), 11/2/42
Ghetto of Piotrkow in the Holocaust, The Jerusalem Post, 4/25/68
Folder 747: Radom 1941: excerpts from Gazeta Zydowska (Polish), 1941
statistics and excerpts (Polish, English, German)
Folder 748: Riga 1956: also a clipping (Yiddish)
Folder 749: Rovno 1945: eyewitness account (English)
Folder 750: Saloniki (Greece) 1953: The End of Jewish Salonica, by Alfred Joachim Fischer (English)
Folder 751: Shanghai (China) 1947-1955: Jews in Shanghai, 1949
establishment of the ghetto (English, Yiddish)
letter and report from Joint Distribution Committee, 1947-1955
newspaper clipping (German), 1955
Folder 752: Siedlce undated: liquidation of the ghetto (Polish)
Folder 753: Slonim undated: excerpts from partisan papers (Russian)
Folder 754: Sosnowiec undated
Folder 755: Stanislawow undated
Folder 756: Tarnopol undated
Folder 757: Tarnow 1941: notes about the ghetto (Polish)
excerpts from Gazeta Zydowska (Polish), 1941
Folder 758: Warszawa (Warsaw) 1954-1959: Les Juifs dans la Duche de Varsovie 1807-1813, by M. Adus (French), 1959
Dem Gedaechtnis des Warschauer Kehillah, by Hans Lamm (German), 1954
Folder 759: Warsaw 1939-1946: official German decrees (German, Polish)
Folder 760: Warsaw Ghetto - reports from the ghetto 1939-1941: also list of the council of the elders selected by the Germans (Polish)
Folder 761: Warsaw Ghetto - reports from the ghetto 1942: January-February (Polish)
Folder 762: Warsaw Ghetto - reports from the ghetto 1942: March (Polish, German)
Folder 763: Warsaw Ghetto - reports from the ghetto 1942: April (Polish, German)
Folder 764: Warsaw Ghetto - reports from the ghetto 1942: May (Polish)
Folder 765: Warsaw Ghetto - reports from the ghetto 1942: June (Polish, German)
Folder 766: Warsaw Ghetto - reports from the ghetto 1942: August-September (Polish, German)
Folder 767: Warsaw Ghetto - reports from the ghetto 1942: October-December (Polish)
Folder 768: Warsaw Ghetto 1941-1944: excerpts from Gazeta Zydowska (Jewish Newspaper) (Polish), 1941
letters of deportees - so-called Vittel group, 1944
Folder 769: Warsaw Ghetto 1941-1959: Warsaw Ghetto, by M. Wasser (Polish), 1942
The Warsaw Ghetto, Jewish Affairs, 12/41
The Epic of the Warsaw Ghetto, by P. Friedman, 1954
Tale of a City - Office of War Information, 3/45
Au Department du Budget et des Finances, by H. Szereszewski (French), 1959
Warsaw Ghetto Intellectuals on Current Questions and Problems of Survival, by Dr. J. Kermisch
From the Warsaw Ghetto (Polish)
Outlook from the Ghetto (Polish)
The Massacre of the Warsaw Ghetto, World Jewish Congress, 1943
Warsaw Accuses
map
cover to The Warsaw Diary of Adam Czerniakow
Folder 770: Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 1952-1963: The Battle of the Warsaw Ghetto 4/19/43-6/1/43, commemorative program
The Uprising (Polish, Yiddish), 1952-1954
The History of the Revolt, by Dr. D. Wdowinski
The Historical Sources of the Uprising, by Joseph Kermisch (French), 1959
The True Initiators of the Revolt, by Joseph Kermisch (French), 1959
The Heroes of Warsaw's Ghetto, New York Times Magazine, 1963
Silence about the Ghetto Uprising, review of book by Raul Hilberg, by Berl Mark (Yiddish), 1962
articles in newspapers and magazines (Yiddish, English, Polish, German), 1947-1958
Folder 771: Warsaw 1945-1949: Polish Newspapers
Folder 772: Warsaw 1945-1949: Yiddish Newspapers
Folder 773: Warsaw 1943-1948: Brakes and Obstacles, by Icchak Cukierman (Antek) (English), 1948
letters to the Left Poale Zion in Palestine (English), 1943
Folder 774: Wilno (Vilna) 1953-1958: lists of teachers in Vilna (Yiddish)
Icek Wittenberg, by Nachman Mayzel (Yiddish), 1953
books from Vilna, by Bernard Heller (English), 1954
articles, excerpts (Yiddish, English), 1945-1958
Folder 775: Zbaszyn (Zbonshin) 1956: list of articles about the Zbaszyn detention camp in 10/38, for Polish Jews expelled from Germany, with accompanying correspondence (English, Yiddish)
Folder 776: Zolkiew undated: list of articles about Zolkiew (Yiddish, Polish)
Folder 777: Other cities 1940-1956: from Yiddish, Polish, German newspapers
Brzezany, Buczacz, Borszczow, Druja, Dubno, Horodenka, Kamionka, Kowel, Krzemieniec, Lachwa, Lancut, Lida, Luck, Ludarpol, Lukow, Nowogrodek, Nowy Sacz, Opatow, Ostrowiec, Parysow, Przemyslany, Radzyn, Rohatyn, Rokitno, Sambor, Sandomierz, Sarny, Stolpce, Swieciany, Wilejka, Wilczyn, Zaleszczyki, Zborow

Subseries 3: Concentration Camps - General 1939-1955

This subseries contains articles, statistics, lists, and maps of concentration camps and deportation routes. These materials are in English, Polish, Yiddish, German, French, and Hebrew.

Folders: 13

Folder 778: German Crimes against the Jewish Population in Poland undated: (Polish, English)
Folder 779: German Crimes against the Jewish Population in Poland undated: (German, French)
Folder 780: Lists of death camps in Poland and in other countries undated: (Polish, German)
Folder 781: Articles about concentration camps 1945-1951: overview
Short Story of the Largest Wholesale Murder Mill in the World, Polish Press Agency (English), 12/15/45
Les chiffres accusent (French), 1945
A Case History of a Concentration Camp Survivor (English), 1951
Folder 782: Articles about concentration camps 1949-1950: A History of German Concentration Camps, published by the Netherlands State Institute of War Documentation, 1949
The Sociology of Concentration Camps, by Prof. T. Abel, New York, 1950
Contemporary History as a Scientific Problem, by Prof. A.J. Toynbee, London, 1950
The Publication of Documents of the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs, by Prof. M. Baumont, Paris, 1950
French Research on the Concentration Camps, G. Tillion, Paris, 1950
The Activities of the Centre for Contemporary Jewish Documentation in Paris, by M.L. Poliakoff, Paris, 1950
Folder 783: Articles about concentration camps 1942-1952: The Research Project on German Concentration Camps, memorandum, 1947
letters in the resistance project (German), 1947
Illegal Trade and Commerce in the Camps (English, Yiddish)
translation of a document #1617-PS, Office of U.S. Chief of Counsel, relating to behavior of human organism at great heights, cooling of body, 1942
American Jewish Congress release: Nazi Atrocity Dr. Walter Schreiber Seeks to Re-Enter U.S., 1952
On Defense Mechanisms in the Concentration Camp Situation, by Jacob Goldstein
Interview with Dr. Nash - Why Did Some Jews Survive?, 1947
translated German official document B 2-486/42 S, regarding Release of Women Bible Searchers, 1943
letter to Heinrich Himmler from Dr. S. Rascher, 2/17/43
Folder 784: German documents concerning Jews in general, forced labor, German penal code, transportation 1939-1943, 1953: also Polish translations
Folder 785: German decrees concerning Jewish property 1939-1946: also Polish translations
Folder 786: German decrees concerning annihilation 1939-1946: also English translations
Folder 787: Articles about concentration camps 1946-1953: A Case History of a Concentration Camp Survivor, 1951
Concentration Camp, by L. Lehrer (Yiddish, English), 1953
What is the Lesson of the Last Jewish Martyrology?, by Raphael Mahler (Yiddish), 1949
Intelligence and Evil in Human History, by S. Hook, 1947
The Crisis in Human History, by J. Dewey, 1946
The Crisis of the Individual: Terror's Atomization of Man, by Leo Lowenthal, 1946
Folder 788: Articles about concentration camps 1945-1955: Economic Development and World Crisis, by Fritz Sternberg, 1946
This Century of Betrayal, by Hans Kohn, 1946
Re-Educating the Germans, by Franz L. Neumann, 1947
Is Every German Guilty?, by Paul W. Massing, 1947
Der Fall Ezra Pound (German), 1949
The Not-Persecuted, by Abel S. Herzberg, 1950
Sadism - Neurotic Destructiveness, by Karen Horney, 1945
How Was This Possible? (Yiddish), 1951
The Moral face of the Ghetto (Yiddish), 1950
Kiddush HaShem, by David Pinski (Yiddish), 1945
articles and clippings (Yiddish, German, English, Hebrew), 1949-1955
Folder 789: You are the Man Who Killed my Brother - A Unique Jewish Trial 1950: by Loudon S. Wainwright, for Life Magazine
Folder 790: Materials about concentration camps 1950, undated: statistical data about the Jewish population (French, German, Hebrew, Polish)
directory of German leaders (list)
bibliography of world literature on concentration camps (Polish), 1950
maps of concentration camps and deportations

Subseries 4: Concentration Camps by Location 1939-1958

This subseries consists of articles and other materials about specific concentration camps, including official statements and transcripts in the original and in translation, articles, newspaper clippings, eyewitness accounts, bibliographies, correspondence, reports, maps, and statistics.

Folders: 27

Folder 791: Belzec 1940-1947: German statement regarding Concentration Camp Belzec, 10/21/40
newspapers, articles, excerpts (French, Polish, English), 1947
Folder 792: Bergen-Belsen 1945-1955: Arrival at Bergen-Belsen, eyewitness account
newspapers, excerpts (Polish, English, German, Hebrew), 1945-1955
Folder 793: Buchenwald 1946-1958: I'm the Man Who Saw Misery, by Dr. P. Auerbach
newspaper clippings (English, Yiddish, Hebrew, German, Polish), 1946-1958
Folder 794: Chelmno 1941-1946: Concentration Camp Chelmno in Poland (Polish, German), 1946
Mass Executions of Jews (Polish)
Jewish Committee in Wloclawek (Polish)
excerpts from proceedings (Polish, Yiddish), 1941, undated
Folder 795: Dachau 1942-1956: Edgar Kupfer-Korborwitz as Inmate of Dachau, series of newspaper articles (German), 1956
newspapers, excerpts (German, English, Polish), 1942-1956
Folder 796: Drancy/Pithiviers, Gurs, France 1945-1954: excerpts (Yiddish, French, German)
Folder 797: Janowiec 1944, undated: eyewitness account (partial transcript) (Polish)
clippings (Polish, Yiddish)
Folder 798: Majdanek 1944-1956: History of Majdanek, by Dr. P. Friedman (Yiddish)
list of survivors who published their memoirs
bibliographies
excerpts (English, Yiddish, Polish, French), 1944-1956
Folder 799: Mauthausen 1945-1956: certificate of officer investigating concentration camp of Mauthausen
letters of Dr. Gringaus regarding Mauthausen Death Books (English), 1955
articles, excerpts (Polish, English, German, Yiddish), 1945-1956
Folder 800: Oswiecim (Auschwitz) 1944: Auschwitz and Birkenau, by the War Refugee Board (English), 11/44
Folder 801: Oswiecim 1942-1943: transportation of prisoners (Polish, English, German)
Folder 802: Oswiecim 1942-1944: work at the concentration camp (English, German)
Folder 803: Oswiecim 1943-1944: German orders, also Polish and English translations
Folder 804: Oswiecim 1942-1945: installation of gas chambers (German, Polish, English)
Folder 805: Oswiecim 1944-1945: executions and trial proceedings (German, Polish, English)
Folder 806: Oswiecim 1943-1945: general information (German, Polish, English)
caricatures
forms used in concentration camps
Folder 807: Oswiecim 1943-1945: report #3171 on Jewish inmates, 1943
statistics on employment, work participation, women's camp, general figures, and transports (German, Polish, English), 1944-1945
Folder 808: Oswiecim 1945-1956: newspaper articles (English, Polish, French)
Folder 809: Oswiecim 1945-1955: newspaper articles (Yiddish), 1945-1955
memorandum (Polish, Yiddish), 1947
Folder 810: Plaszow 1947, undated: annotations
letter to the Project on German Extermination Camps from Italy (German), 1947
excerpts (Polish)
Folder 811: Ravensbruck 1939-1951: Project on German Extermination Camps, by E.S. Wachstein (French), 1947
correspondence by and about Marianne Wachstein (German), 1939-1941
book review of Margarete Buber's Under Two Dictators (English), 1951
Folder 812: Sobibor undated: fragments from a book: The Death Mill in Sobibor (Polish)
Folder 813: Stutthoff; Struthof-Natzweiler undated: annotations and excerpts (Polish)
Folder 814: Theresienstadt 1946-1958: letters and German manuscripts sent to Project on German Extermination Camps by Isidor Klauber, Gerty Spiess, Man Schloss, and Hans Cohn, 1947-1948
Transport to Theresienstadt, I was a Witness, by Dr. Leo Baeck, 1946
bibliography
articles, excerpts (German, English, French, Czech), 1946-1958
Folder 815: Trawniki 1943: reports (Polish), 8/5/43, 9/30/43
annotations
Folder 816: Treblinka 1941-1957: Death Camp - Treblinka, eyewitness account by L. Lukaszkiewicz (German), 12/29/45
report of the investigation of the concentration camp 9/24-11/22/45 (Polish)
translation of charge #6 against Dr. Hans Frank, 1945
annotations and articles (Yiddish, German, Polish, Hebrew), 1941-1957
map of Treblinka
Folder 817: Various camps 1943-1952: Ebensee, Kokoszki, Kovno, Lambrnowice, Oranienburg, Radogoszcz, Srebrne, Warsaw vicinity, Wilzberg (Yiddish, Polish, English)