Guide to the Papers of Leo W. Schwarz (1906-1967) 1940-1954 RG 294.1

Processed by Zosa Szajkowski and Itzek Gottesman. Additional processing by Rachel S. Harrison and Sarah Ponichtera in 2013. Described and encoded as part of the CJH Holocaust Resource Initiative, made possible by the Conference on Jewish Material Claims against Germany.

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
15 West 16th Street
New York, NY 10011
Email: archives@yivo.cjh.org
URL: http://www.yivo.org

Electronic finding aid was encoded in EAD 2002 by Rachel S. Harrison in May 2013. EAD finding aid customized in Archon in 2014. Description is in English.

Collection Overview

Title: Guide to the Papers of Leo W. Schwarz (1906-1967) 1940-1954 RG 294.1

ID: RG 294.1 FA

Extent: 51.0 Boxes

Arrangement: Zosa Szajkowski organized the collection and compiled a preliminary inventory in 1959. The arrangement of the papers and the preparation of a finding aid were completed by Itzek Gottesman in 1986. In 2013 Rachel S. Harrison and Sarah Ponichtera encoded the finding aid under a grant from the Claims Conference to the Center for Jewish History. The overall arrangement of the papers reflects the organizational structure of the JDC’s U.S. Zone headquarters in Munich. At the time of their accession to the YIVO Archives, the papers were only partly in order, mostly arranged by topic. A number of folders originated in Mr. Schwarz’s JDC office and were left in their original arrangement. These folders are the core of the collection. Other materials were originally loose and unsorted and were formed into cohesive file units. These are usually denoted in the inventory as "folder consists of discrete pages," meaning that these pages were not originally found together in a folder. The folder titles in the container list were created based upon the folder contents but are not written on the folders themselves, which are labeled only with the folder number. The reel number given is the first microfilm reel and frame number for each folder. The collection is divided into 5 series, which have been further divided into subseries and subsubseries.

Languages: English, German, Hebrew, Yiddish

Abstract

This collection, which is a sub-group of RG 294 Displaced Persons Camps, consists of the records of Leo W. Schwarz, the Director of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (AJDC/JDC) for the U.S. Occupation Zone in Germany during the years 1946-1947. The papers pertain to his work with the JDC in Germany and to the history of the Jewish displaced persons in Germany after World War II.

Scope and Contents of the Materials

The materials in this collection are, for the most part, the administrative files of Leo W. Schwarz in his capacity as the JDC Director of the U.S. Zone of Germany, a position he held for the years 1946-1947, although there are also earlier materials. In addition, there are JDC documents of later years, indicating that Leo Schwarz continued accumulating documents even after leaving his post, possibly for the purpose of writing The Redeemers , a book about his experiences, which was published in 1953.

The records consist of correspondence, minutes, reports, memoranda, statutes, statistics, circulars, maps of JDC operations in Germany, bulletins, personnel lists, financial records, and other material relating to Jewish DPs in Germany after World War II. These include materials relating to the organizational structure of the JDC and its work in the U.S. Zone as well as its relationship to the U.S. military authorities and to international relief agencies, including the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Agency (UNRRA), and its successor, the International Rescue Organization (PCIRO, IRO).

The files relating to displaced persons camps and centers contain materials of the Central Committee of Liberated Jews in the U.S. Zone, materials of the DP congresses, correspondence and reports of JDC regional offices, and materials from individual camps. Of special importance are the periodic reports filed by JDC representatives about their inspections of numerous Jewish DP installations in their respective districts. There are also files of the various JDC departments, including the Religious Department, the Health Department, the Welfare and Personal Service Department, the Education and Cultural Activities Department, and the Legal Department, and information about the Jewish DPs in the British and French Zones and in Berlin. There are also several memoirs and eyewitness testimony accounts of the Holocaust collected from survivors in the DP camps, folklore and satire about the life of Jewish displaced persons and the manuscript of Schwarz's own memoir of his time with the JDC, The Redeemers .

This record group provides a vital source for the history of the Jewish displaced persons after the Second World War, and of the substantial relief effort organized on their behalf by the JDC. The papers occupy over 21 linear feet of shelf space in 51 manuscript boxes. The collection is on 48 reels of microfilm, designated as MKM 488. The inclusive dates are 1940-1954.

Historical Note

Leo W. Schwarz was born in New York in 1906. He was the author of several anthologies of Jewish literature, including The Jewish Caravan (1935) and A Golden Treasury of Jewish Literature (1937). During World War II, he served in the United States Army. From 1946 to 1947, he directed the operations of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) in the U.S. Zone in Germany at a time when it had begun to shift focus from fulfilling the basic material needs of the Jewish Displaced Persons (DPs) to providing for their rehabilitation and emigration. His book, The Redeemers (1953), is a memoir of his work with the JDC in post-war Germany. Schwarz later became a professor of Judaic Studies at the University of Iowa. He died in 1967.

The JDC, founded in 1914 to aid the Jewish victims of World War I, attained the peak of its relief activity between the years 1945 and 1952, when it spent $342 million on material aid to 250,000 DPs and other Jewish survivors of World War II in Europe. During this period, the bulk of its activities were concentrated in DP camps in the allied-occupied territories of Germany, Austria and Italy.

An August 1945 agreement between the JDC, the U.S. Army and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) allowed JDC relief workers to join in providing emergency aid to the 30,000 Jewish inmates then in DP camps in the U.S. Zone in Germany. Though the main burden of running the camps rested with the U.S. Army, which was responsible for the provision of food, clothing and shelter, and with UNRRA, which administered the camps, the JDC provided the camps with important supplementary aid and services. During the last four months of 1945, the JDC augmented DP provisions with over $700,000 in food, clothing and medicine trucked in from Switzerland, Denmark and France on surplus trucks which it had purchased from the U.S. Army. Initially, the JDC also assisted in the registration of camp inmates and organized tracing bureaus to aid in the reunion of families. In subsequent years, the JDC created new programs of welfare, medical aid, vocational training, and educational and cultural activity in the camps in the U.S. Zone.

In 1946, the DP population in the U.S. Zone in Germany was enlarged by 90,000 Polish Jews who had fled pogroms in Poland (particularly a July pogrom in Kielce which had claimed 42 Jewish lives). The Polish DPs were also attracted by reports of the special status which U.S. policy granted the Jewish DPs and the belief that Germany would be the organizational center of a mass emigration to Palestine as a result of the Anglo-American Commission recommendation that 100,000 Jewish DPs should be admitted into Palestine.

By 1946 the JDC had begun organizing emigration from within the U.S. Zone. While the Jewish Agency for Palestine was in charge of preparing Jews for aliyah and for the maintenance of hakhsharot (training farms), the JDC and the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) facilitated the departure of tens of thousands of Jewish DPs for Palestine and other countries. The JDC provided potential emigrees with a range of services which included the matching of skills with prospective countries; helping them obtain passports, birth certificates and visas; arranging medical examinations; maintaining contact with overseas agencies and sponsors; and covering the travel expenses of the emigration itself. As well as aiding the emigration of individuals, the JDC also acted as a liaison between qualified Jewish DPs and the the Preparatory Commission of the International Refugee Organization (PCIRO), the interim agency established in 1947 to fill the hiatus between the demise of the UNRRA and its replacement by the International Refugee Organization (IRO), which arranged for the group emigration of skilled workers to Canada, Australia, and European countries. In 1947, 7,000 Jewish DPs left the U.S. Zone with JDC help and over half of them were able to enter the U.S. under the Truman Directive and U.S. quota laws.

1947 again saw the JDC struggling to cope with an influx of new DPs into the U.S. Zone. Famine in Rumania early in the year resulted in the infiltration into the U.S. Zone of thousands of Jewish DPs desperately in need of nutrition, clothing, shelter, and medical aid. The situation was aggravated by the April 21, 1947 “Freeze Order” of General Lucius Clay, Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. European Command. That order prohibited camps run by the PCIRO, from accepting new inmates after July 2, 1947. The support of the 35,000 refugees who comprised this category fell to the JDC, who expanded their personnel from a staff of 44 in 1946 to 294 in 1947 in order to meet the growing needs of the DP community.

The JDC also reorganized its zones of operation in 1947. Five regions were consolidated into two districts, with Berlin included as a third, known as the “Berlin District.” “Eastern District #1, Land Bavaria” with headquarters in Munich covered the previous regions of Bamberg, Regensburg and Munich. “Western District #2, Greater Hesse, Wurttemberg-Baden” was comprised of the previous regions of Stuttgart, Frankfurt and the Kassel area and was based in Frankfurt. Each Zone had its own director who was under the jurisdiction of the overall U.S. Zone Director. The Zone Director, with the support of an assistant and an executive assistant, set policy and served as a liaison between the JDC and various organizations. These included the U.S. military, the Advisor on Jewish Affairs to the U.S. occupation forces, the PCIRO (later IRO), the Central Committee of Liberated Jews, and voluntary agencies such as ORT (The Society for Trades and Agricultural Labor), the Jewish Agency for Palestine and HIAS.

By 1947, the JDC had also begun to prepare the DPs for work and life outside the camps, with the establishment of work projects and the funding of ORT vocational training schools. The JDC provided supplementary food rations and amenities to Jewish DPs who worked as teachers, doctors, cooks, firemen, policemen, sanitation workers, and administrators in the camps. According to the JDC, by 1948 38,800 Jewish DPs out of a total population of 141,800 Jewish DPs in the U.S. Zone were employed in ORT vocational schools, in service in the DP camps and communities, at hakhsharot, and in JDC-supported tailoring, knitting and shoemaking projects.

Between July 1947 and May 1948, individual emigration of Jewish DPs was jointly funded by the JDC and the PCIRO. The IRO, upon its assumption of the PCIRO’s responsibilities in the spring of 1948, refused to help fund the migration of DPs to the war zone of Palestine. Yet by April 1949, the IRO had fully resumed its financial and tactical support of emigration to Israel and reimbursed the JDC for the interim expenses the JDC had incurred in transferring Jews to Palestine. In November 1949, the JDC and the Jewish Agency, with Israeli government support, founded MALBEN (Institute for the Care of Handicapped Immigrants) in Israel. MALBEN was established to care for the chronically ill, disabled and aged immigrants and other DPs who were hard to place. In 1950, the JDC began to move groups of invalids, who were among the last residents of the German DP camps, to Israel.

Responsibility for JDC U.S. Zone projects was divided among an array of Departments, all answerable to the Zone Director. They included: Personnel and Administration, Transport, Reports and Statistics, Finance, Public Relations, Employment, Emigration, Religious, Medical, Legal, Supply, Special Services, and Recreation and Education.

The JDC also maintained a full complement of health programs and institutions in the U.S. Zone. By 1948, 216 JDC-supported hospitals, sanatoriums, infirmaries, dispensaries, maternity wards, dental clinics, labs, children’s nutrition centers, and rest homes provided 4,629 beds to the Jewish DP community. For a population with a birth rate double that of the U.S. (in 1947, there were 10,000 infants under the age of one in the DP camps), the JDC provided feeding and health programs for expectant and nursing mothers, and supplied them with children’s clothing and other necessities. Through JDC nutrition centers and an immunization program, the health of a malnourished and weakened population was upgraded and maintained.

At the peak of its activities in 1948, the JDC supported 116 schools and kindergartens in the U.S. Zone with a combined student body of 7,843. The JDC completely subsidized the U.S. Zone’s Board for Education and Culture, which, through the combined efforts of the JDC, the Jewish Agency and the Central Committee for Liberated Jews, organized and ran the schools of the Jewish DP population. The JDC, through its Recreation and Education Department, also established summer camps for internee children which served as many as 8,000 per summer, and supported sport clubs and athletic facilities. The JDC’s Student Branch helped Jewish DPs gain entrance to universities, arranged scholarships and stipends for them, and chaired a verification commission which established the credentials of those who had earned professional degrees before the war.

The JDC also played a role in the cultural life of the camps by sponsoring tours by local and foreign performers like American Jewish actor Herman Yablokoff and Israeli dancer Paula Padani, as well as a Mobile Film Unit which traveled throughout the U.S. Zone with a repertoire of English and Yiddish films. Among the more than fifty theatrical groups in existence in the DP camps in the late forties, the JDC-sponsored Munich Yiddish Theatre (MIT) was prominent. The JDC helped finance and supply with newsprint the dozen or more newspapers and periodicals, mostly in Yiddish, which arose in the U.S. Zone in the post-war years. Religious life was fostered by the JDC's Religious Department, which by 1947 subsidized 200 synagogues, 40 mikvot (ritual baths), 20 yeshivot and seminaries, 75 religious schools, and a seminar for shokhtim (kosher slaughterers) in the U.S. Zone. The Religious Department also maintained a rabbinical synod (Agudat Harabonim) of rabbis serving in the camps, and funded the printing and distribution of religious books. The JDC facilitated the observance of religious holidays by supplying the DP camps with ritual objects and food such as shofars, matzot and kosher wine.

The establishment in 1948 of the State of Israel and the Displaced Persons Act in the U.S. made the emigration of all DPs and the closing of the camps a priority. In 1948, the JDC, together with the Office of the Advisor on Jewish Affairs, the IRO, the U.S. Army, voluntary organizations, and DP leadership began to consolidate and reorganize the remaining DP camps. Special camps with homogeneous populations were created in the U.S. Zone for the dwindling population of Israel- and America-bound DPs, the persistent medical cases, and those undecided about or ineligible for emigration.

By 1949, the JDC had closed all of its workshops amidst a general curtailment of voluntary and international agency activity in the Zone. The closing of the last camp, Foehrenwald, in 1953, marked the end of JDC activity in the Jewish DP camps of the U.S. Zone in Germany.

Subject/Index Terms

Administrative Information

Access Restrictions: Permission to use the collection must be obtained from the YIVO Archivist.

Use Restrictions:

Permission to publish part or parts of the collection must be obtained from the YIVO Archives. For more information, contact:

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, Center for Jewish History, 15 West 16th Street, New York, NY 10011

email: archives@yivo.cjh.org

Acquisition Method: Leo W. Schwarz donated his papers to the YIVO Archives in 1959.

Separated Materials: There is no information about materials that are associated by provenance to the described materials that have been physically separated or removed.

Original/Copies Note:

Microfilm Information:

This collection is on 48 reels of microfilm (MKM 488).

Reel 1: (Folders 1 -13) | Reel 2: (Folders 14 - 22) | Reel 3: (Folders 23 - 27)

Reel 4: (Folders 28- 30)| Reel 5: (Folders 31-34) | Reel 6: (Folders 35-42) |

Reel 7 (Folders 43-47) | Reel 8: (Folders 44-53) | Reel 9: ( Folders 54-64) |

Reel 10 (Folders 65-84) | Reel 11: (Folders 85-92) | Reel 12: (Folders 93-103)

Reel 13 (Folders 104-116) | Reel 14 (Folders 117-130) | Reel 15 (Folders 131-142) |

Reel 16 (Folders 143-163) | Reel 17 (Folders 164-177) | Reel 18 (Folders 178-192) |

Reel 19 (Folders 193- 216) | Reel 20 (Folders 217-223) | Reel 21 (Folders 224-237) |

Reel 22 (Folders 238-256) | Reel 23 (Folders 257-274) | Reel 24 (Folders 275-296)

Reel 25 (Folders 297-310) | Reel 26 ( Folders 311-317) | Reel 27 (Folders 318-329)

Reel 28 (Folders 330-337) | Reel 29 (Folders 338-342) | Reel 30 (Folders 343-351)

Reel 31 (Folders 352-371) | Reel 32 (Folders 372-380) | Reel 33 (Folders 381-401)

Reel 34 (Folders 402-415) Reel 35 (Folders 416-424) | Reel 36 (Folders 425-435)

Reel 37 (Folders 436-451) | Reel 38 (Folders 452-469) | Reel 39 (Folders 471-480)

Reel 40 (Folders 481-487) | Reel 41 (Folders 488-501) | Reel 42 (Folders 502-505)

Reel 43 (Folders 506-508) | Reel 44 (Folders 509-513) | Reel 45 (Folders 514-523)

Reel 46 (Folders 524-536) | Reel 47 (Folders (537-541) | Reel 48 (Folders 542-552)

Related Materials: This collection is a sub-group of RG 294, which consists of materials relating to Displaced Persons camps and centers in Germany, Italy and Austria, including a separate sub-group of photographs. In addition, there is some of Leo Schwarz’s correspondence in the Abraham Klausner Papers in the AJHS Archives, P-879. In addition, YIVO, AJHS and LBI libraries and archives have a wealth of materials about World War II, Displaced Persons camps and several other JDC collections, as well as several of Schwarz’s books. These include Mutations of Jewish Values in Contemporary American Fiction , The Jewish Caravan: Great Stories of Twenty-Five Centuries , Memoirs of My People Through a Thousand Years , Refugees in Germany Today , A Golden Treasury of Jewish Literature , and The Redeemers, a Saga of the Years 1945-1952 , among others.

Preferred Citation: Published citations should take the following form:Identification of item, date (if known); Papers of Leo W. Schwarz; RG 294.1; box number; folder number; YIVO Institute for Jewish Research.

Box and Folder Listing

Browse by Series:

Series 1: Series I: JDC General Files, 1940-1953,
Series 2: Series II: Displaced Persons Camps and Centers, 1945-1950,
Series 3: Series III: JDC Departments, 1945-1954,
Series 4: Series IV: British Zone, French Zone, Berlin District, 1945-1949,
Series 5: Series V: Memoirs and Testimonies on the Holocaust, 1942-1953,
All

Series I: JDC General Files 1940-1953

Series I comprises the general administrative files of the JDC Director for the U.S. Zone in Germany. These include mainly reports and correspondence of the JDC and local and international affiliates, memoranda, lists, meeting minutes, directories, mailings, and maps.

Folders: 122

Subseries 1: Organization and Structure of the JDC 1944-1953

This subseries contains materials on the organizational structure of the JDC and their work in the U.S. Zone, including general JDC reports on kibbutzim, individual camps, deportations by the U.S. military authorities of individuals illegally in the U.S. Zone, cultural activities, the black market, and general conditions in the DP camps. There are also meeting minutes, correspondence and memoranda, lists of Jewish installations in Germany, reports and minutes related to the international structure of the JDC, international directories of JDC offices and affiliates, bulletins, personnel lists, circulars, and maps of JDC operations in Germany.

Folders: 19

Folder 1: Directory of JDC offices and cooperative committees worldwide June 1947: - Second edition
Folder 2: JDC Country Directors Conference February 3, 1947: - Paris
- Bulletins 1-20
Folder 3: Minutes of JDC Conference of the Country Directors from Europe April 5-10, 1948: - Paris
Folder 4: JDC report 1953: - Submitted to the Conference of Country Directors in 1953
- Includes Camp Foehrenwald
- Returnees from Israel
- Refugees from the West Zone and Berlin
- Emigration
- Tuberculosis among Jews
Folder 5: Lists of Jewish installations in Germany 1947-1948: - June 1947
- IRO and JDC field representatives, January 1948
Folder 6: Reports and minutes on organizational structure of JDC in Germany 1944-1948
Folder 7: Correspondence and memoranda on organizational structure 1946-1947: - Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 8: Correspondence and memoranda on organizational structure August-October 1947
Folder 9: Correspondence and memoranda on organizational structure January 13, 1947: - Includes analysis of JDC program by Leo W. Schwarz
Folder 10: Various materials on JDC activity 1946-1947: - Includes education and culture
- Kibbutzim
- Youth aliyah
- Infiltration of DPs from Austria
- Food distribution, minutes, December 10, 1946
- Sending the ill to Switzerland for cure
- Lists of employees of the Jewish Agency, January 1, 1947
- Conferences of regional JDC directors, January 4, February 15-16, 1947
Folder 11: Reports of JDC staff conference of the Eastern Military District, 3rd U.S. Army 1945: - October 21, 1945
- Report by Saul S. Elgart on JDC activities in same district, August 1-October 15, 1945
- District includes the camps of Landsberg, Foehrenwald, and Feldafing
Folder 12: Minutes and reports of JDC staff conferences 1946-1947: - January 28-29, 1946
- Paris, September 27-28, 1946
- Munich, October 17, 1947
Folder 13: JDC personnel lists in Germany 1945-1947
Folder 14: Various materials 1946-1948: - Includes staff memos, general memos, Munich memos, and bulletins
Folder 15: Circulars of JDC director in Germany, Samuel Haber May 1947-December 1948
Folder 16: Circulars of the Munich office 1947-1949: - Includes list of all sections of the Central Committee in Munich
Folder 17: Bulletins, Munich office 1947-1949: - Numbers 5-119, October 31, 1947-February 27, 1949 and numbers 1-120, October 25, 1947-May 10, 1949
- These are internal bulletins of workers in the 1st Military District
- Includes Bulletin 7-emigration, 15-distribution of clothing-films, 115-flour for matzot
Folder 18: Minutes of conferences of JDC with other institutions 1946-1948: - Includes meetings of regional directors
- Meetings of provisioning directors, December 10, 1946
- 10th conference of publishers of DP newspapers, Bad Kissingen, September 8, 1948
Folder 19: Maps of JDC operations in Germany November 1947

Subseries 2: JDC Reports 1945-1950

The reports in this subseries include monthly and quarterly departmental reports covering population statistics, personnel, religious affairs, cultural work, education, camp relief, and transportation, medical reports, reports from the U.S. Zone Director and from regional and district offices, as well as from certain camps and individuals, legal aid, emigration, occupations, provisioning, speeches, and reports distributed to JDC bureaus in Paris and New York. There are also a series of reports concerning population flow, UNRRA statistics for the American, British and French Zones, where the JDC was also involved, and other demographic and statistical information.

Folders: 42

Folder 20: Monthly departmental reports May 1946: - Includes population statistics, reports on personnel, religious affairs, education, camp relief, transportation
Folder 21: Monthly departmental reports June 1946
Folder 22: Monthly departmental reports July 1946
Folder 23: Monthly departmental reports August 1946
Folder 24: Monthly departmental reports September 1946
Folder 25: Monthly departmental reports October 1946
Folder 26: Monthly departmental reports November 1946
Folder 27: Monthly departmental reports December 1946
Folder 28: Monthly departmental reports January 1947
Folder 29: Monthly departmental reports February 1947
Folder 30: Monthly departmental reports March-April 1947
Folder 31: Monthly departmental reports April 1947
Folder 32: Monthly departmental reports May 1947
Folder 33: Monthly departmental reports June 1947
Folder 34: Monthly departmental reports July 1947
Folder 35: Monthly departmental reports August 1947
Folder 36: Monthly departmental reports September 1947
Folder 37: Monthly departmental reports October 1947
Folder 38: Monthly departmental reports November 1947
Folder 39: Monthly departmental reports December 1947
Folder 40: Monthly departmental reports January 1949
Folder 41: Monthly departmental reports February 1949
Folder 42: Monthly departmental reports March 1949
Folder 43: Monthly departmental reports April 1949
Folder 44: General consolidated departmental reports September-November 1947: - Includes medical reports, reports of the Zone director, legal aid, emigration, occupations, provisioning, statistical reports
Folder 45: General consolidated departmental reports January-December 1948
Folder 46: General consolidated departmental reports January-May, August, October-December 1949
Folder 47: Quarterly installation reports from various districts December 1947, November 1948
Folder 48: Regional reports 1946-1947
Folder 49: General periodical reports 1946-1950: - Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 50: Monthly reports of the 5th district (Munich) April 1946-1947
Folder 51: Various reports 1945-1947: - Includes report from Foehrenwald
- Report from Rabbi Alexander Rosenberg on religious activity
- Report on activity in Western Military District
- Cultural work December 26, 1945-January 15, 1946
- Report on Heidelberg district
- Cultural work in Zielsheim, December 24, 1946
- Statistics of children in centers, January 1947
Folder 52: Report by Harry Witeles on visit to Germany from January 6-April 8, 1946. 1946: - Photocopy, 147 pp. and 85 pp. of statistics
Folder 53: Various reports 1945-1946: - Includes speeches and reports distributed by JDC bureaus in Paris and New York
Folder 54: Various reports 1947: - Includes speeches and reports distributed by JDC bureaus in Paris and New York
Folder 55: Various reports 1948-1949: - Includes speeches and reports distributed by JDC bureaus in Paris and New York
Folder 56: Movement Project report and statistics on Jewish population flow in Germany August-November 1946
Folder 57: Monthly statistical reports of Jewish population in Germany January 1946-January 1947
Folder 58: Monthly statistical reports of Jewish population in Germany June-August 1946, May-June and July 1947
Folder 59: Monthly statistical reports of Jewish population in Germany January 1947-July 1949: - Includes UNRRA statistics of American, British and French zones
Folder 60: Monthly statistical reports of Jewish population in Germany 1947: - Includes statistical tables of camps and centers
Folder 61: Monthly statistical reports of Jewish population in Germany January-March 1948: - Includes statistics on health conditions, births and mortality

Subseries 3: Military Authorities and Relief Agencies 1940-1950

This subseries consists of materials of the U.S. military authorities and of international relief agencies, such as the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Agency (UNRRA), and its successor, the International Rescue Organization (PCIRO, IRO), the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), the American Red Cross, and the American Council of Voluntary Agencies. These include reports and memoranda on various conflicts between U.S. military authorities and the JDC, reports of Jewish Advisors to the U.S. military, Judge Louis Levinthal's records on his mission to Germany as the U.S. Military Advisor on Jewish Affairs, correspondence with UNRRA, minutes of the UNRRA Council on Jewish Affairs, UNRRA reports on Jewish infiltration, conference reports, various materials of the U.S. military, bulletins and circulars, and meeting minutes, among other materials.

Folders: 41

Folder 62: JDC reports and memoranda on conflicts with U.S. military authorities 1946: - Includes house search of JDC employees in Munich
- Liquidation of camp at Furth
- Incidents at Olching, Cham and Landsberg
Folder 63: JDC reports and memoranda on conflicts with U.S. military authorities 1945-1946: - Includes memos to and from JDC to various agencies on DPs
Folder 64: Correspondence with UNRRA 1945-1946: - Also Includes UNRRA and military circulars and reports on incidents in Pilsen of forced return of Jews to Poland, September 6, 1945
Folder 65: Correspondence with UNRRA January 1946-October 1947: - Includes discussion of use of Yiddish and Hebrew
Folder 66: Minutes of UNRRA Council on Jewish affairs 1940-1948: - Also includes memoranda, February 7-12, November 1948 and G-5 Army memo on council, October 2, 1940
Folder 67: Monthly UNRRA report 1946: - May 1946
- Copy of UNRRA report, January 18, 1946 about infiltration of Jewish DPs
Folder 68: Various UNRRA materials 1943-1946: - Includes resignation memo of UNRRA administrator Leo Srole, January 3, 1946
- Permission to publish newspapers, 1946
Folder 69: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities September 1946-October 1947: - Includes materials of Rabbi Phillip Bernstein
Folder 70: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities July 24-September 3, 1947: - Includes daily notes of Judge Louis Levinthal
Folder 71: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities January 21-29, 1947: - Includes correspondence by Judge Levinthal
Folder 72: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities 1947: - Concerns Levinthal’s mission in Germany
Folder 73: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities January-March 1948: - Levinthal’s speeches upon his return to Germany
Folder 74: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities 1947-1948: - Newspaper clippings
Folder 75: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities 1949: - Memoranda, correspondence, reports of William Haber
Folder 76: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities March 13-14, 1949: - Conference report, Heidelberg
Folder 77: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities July 31, 1949: - Conference report on The future of the Jews in Germany, Heidelberg
Folder 78: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities September-November, 1946: - Memo to Judge Simon Rifkind on AJC evaluation of centers
- Minutes of UNRRA and Council on Jewish Affairs
Folder 79: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities 1949: - Includes memoranda and reports of Harry Greenstein
Folder 80: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities November 1, 1949-January 30, 1950: - Final report of Greenstein, November 1, 1949
- Supplement by Major Abraham S. Hyman, January 30, 1950
Folder 81: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities December 1949: - Report on Israel by Chaplain Louis Barish
Folder 82: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities 1948-1950: - Memoranda and reports of Major Abraham S. Hyman
- Includes minutes of a consultation by Jewish organizations in his office, March 15, 1948
Folder 83: Memoranda, reports of Jewish advisors with the American military authorities January 20, 1950: - Final report of A. Hyman, Heidelberg
Folder 84: U.S. Army materials 1944-1945: - Weekly reports of G-5, and SHAEF on DPs
- Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 85: U.S. Army materials 1945: - Report of the General Board, United States Forces, European Theater, G-5 Section, Study number 35 on DPs, refugees, and Allied military personnel
Folder 86: U.S. Army materials 1945-1949: - Report on Jews in Garmish, May 29 and October 16, 1946
- Recognition of the Central Committee
- Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 87: U.S. Army materials 1947: - Report, "Displaced Persons and the Occupation Forces in Europe, series, 1945-1946, office of the Chief Historian, European Command"
- Frankfurt am Main, 77 pp., mimeographed
Folder 88: U.S. Army materials undated: - Report "Civil Affairs"
- 95 pp., mimeographed
Folder 89: UNRRA and U.S. Military materials on Jewish DPs in Germany 1945-1949: - Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 90: SHAEF and UNRRA on Jewish DPs in Germany 1945-1950: - Includes reports
- Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 91: List of UNRRA and IRO stations in Germany July 20, 1946-September 23, 1948
Folder 92: Reports of UNRRA in Germany 1945-1947: Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 93: General Bulletin of UNRRA in Germany 1946-1947
Folder 94: UNRRA circulars August 1945-July 1945
Folder 95: UNRRA circulars July-October 1945
Folder 96: UNRRA circulars November 1946-1949: - Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 97: IRO circulars 1947-1949: - Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 98: Report of the Survey Committee on Displaced Persons of the American Council of Voluntary Agencies for Foreign Service June 1946: - "Problems of Displaced Persons"
Folder 99: American Council of Voluntary Agencies minutes of meetings and committees 1948-1950: - Includes committee for emigration, children and youth care
Folder 100: American Council of Voluntary Agencies minutes of meetings and committees December 1947-September 1948: - Minutes of committee for children’s and youth care
Folder 101: American Red Cross report undated: - "Summary of Civilian War Relief Activities in Western Europe, 1944 - 1946"
- Photostat copy, 68 pp.
Folder 102: American Red Cross reports 1945-1946: - Reports to G-5, USFA about DPs in Germany and Austria

Subseries 4: General Reports and Correspondence 1945-1952

The materials in this subseries contain general reports and correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC, as well as correspondence of Leo Schwarz. These reports and correspondence concern kibbutzim, various camp conditions, deportations of Jews to Poland, cultural activity in the camps, reports by Joseph Schwarz, Rabbi Yitzhak Serbib, Samuel Haber, Zalman Greenberg, Earl G. Harrison, Larry Becher, and Henry Cohen, conference materials, correspondence between JDC offices, statutes and other materials of the Central Committee in Munich, lists, memoranda, and other materials on German Jews.

Folders: 20

Folder 103: General reports 1945-1949: - Includes report by Dr. Joseph Schwarz, August 14, 1945
- Report on kibbutzim, May 20, 1947
Folder 104: General reports 1945-1951: - Includes report of camp Neustadt
- Report on deportation of 38 Jews to Poland, October 1, 1946
- Report by Rabbi Yitzhak Serbib about French Zone, April 15, 1945
Folder 105: General reports July 1949: - Report by Samuel Haber, “Two Years with the Shearit-Hapleita"
- Munich, Yiddish, 91 pp., typed
Folder 106: General reports November 1945-November 1946: - Includes various materials marked ‘'General and Emergency," concerning the trip of Dr. Zalman Greenberg to the U.S.A.
- Report by Larry Becher about Camp Leipheim
Folder 107: General reports 1945-1948: - Reports on conditions in Germany
- Includes report by Earl G. Harrison to the President of the U.S.A.
- Reports by Larry Becher
- Report by Henry Cohen to World Jewish Congress, November 7, 1946
- Report on first JDC group in Germany, August 20, 1945
- Report on conference between UNRRA and JDC, October 22, 1945
- Memorandum of William Haber on Rabbi Klausner’s report to the American Jewish Conference, May 2, 1948
Folder 108: Correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC April 1945-February 1946: - Concerning conditions in DP camps
Folder 109: Correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC January 18, 1947-October 14, 1948: - JDC in Munich to JDC in Paris
- Includes cultural activity in the camps
Folder 110: Correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC 1945-1949: - Various institutions
- Folder consists of discrete pages
Folder 111: Correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC June 1946-May 1948: - Includes reports on black market in camp Hohne
- Report of Cultural Office of the Central Committee in the British Zone, May 1948
- Report Number 2 of the Jewish Central Information Office on destruction of Dutch Jewry
- Report by Shlomo Michael Gelber on British Zone, June 1946
- Incidents in Bergen-Belsen
Folder 112: Correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC December 1945-February 1947: - Materials on Dr. Leo Schwarz
- Includes reports on canteen in the DP camps
- Declaration of 4 communities of German Jews and "Reichsvereinigung" of German Jews in Germany against formation of a Central Committee, January 26, 1946
- Statutes of the Central Committee
- List of employees in the Munich committee
- Report of JDC in Frankfurt
- Consultation of the Central Committee with JDC concerning collaboration, June 2, 1946
Folder 113: Correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC November 1946-May 1947: - Includes memo on JDC activity
- Agreement on collaboration between the JDC and the Central Committee in Munich, February 9, 1947
- Consultation of JDC in Paris and regarding the student problem in Germany, March 3, 1947
- JDC relief for illegal emigrants to Israel
Folder 114: Correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC 1946-1947: - General and camp reports
- Includes reports on kibbutzim, lists and map
Folder 115: Correspondence from Jews in the American Army in Germany to JDC 1947: - Includes memo to the Central Committee about IRO takeover of UNRRA activity, December 10, 1947
- Jewish students in Polish and German universities
- Memo on incidents of antisemitism, undated
- Activity program, June 10, 1947
Folder 116: Correspondence of Leo Schwarz 1946-1949: - Includes pages of a report of Vaad Hatzalah with statistics on religious schools
Folder 117: Correspondence of Leo Schwarz 1947-1948
Folder 118: Correspondence of Leo Schwarz 1945-1952: - Includes memo of Dr. Auerbach on conditions of DPs, July 23, 1947
- Correspondence with Col. Dayton H. Frost about advisor on Jewish affairs, 1950
- Correspondence with Yehuda Neidich on Jewish affairs, 1951-1952
- Personal correspondence
Folder 119: Correspondence of Leo Schwarz 1946-1947: - Correspondence of Chaplain A.J. Klausner
- Includes inventory of property and finances of the Central Committee, May 10, 1946
Folder 120: Correspondence of Leo Schwarz 1945-1948: - Correspondence regarding relief for German Jews
Folder 121: Correspondence of Leo Schwarz 1946-1948
Folder 122: Correspondence of Leo Schwarz undated: - Includes other materials on German Jews